Abstract
The Br and Br2 molecular beam fluxes from graphite sources have been studied mass spectrometrically at 300–1200 K. The results show that the transport out from the sources goes via bulk diffusion in the vicinity of the normal effusion opening. The pressure dependence of the signals shows that the Br and Br2 fluxes are not in chemical equilibrium. Dissociation is also higher than expected at equilibrium. The diffusing species is Br2 in most cases. This efficient diffusion process is in accord with the well-known facile intercalation of graphite with bromine. The method used may be developed to study further molecular details of transport processes. Sources using controlled diffusion and increased dissociation may also be used as high intensity molecular beam sources.
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