Abstract
Abstract Electrodialytic (ED) recovery of citric acid (CA) in the presence/absence of strong electrolytes (NaCl, CaCl 2 and FeCl 3 ) was separately analyzed under different process conditions. Recovery effectiveness was quantitatively estimated from current efficiency values. Efficiency attained optimum value with both flow rate and potential applied, while a monotonic rise was noted with temperature which got lowered beyond 0.1 mol·L − 1 feed concentration. 40% drop in efficiency was recorded in the presence of strong electrolytes (NaCl, CaCl 2 and FeCl 3 ) in feed relative to their presence in concentrate. Severe transport hindrance and efficiency loss were attributed to adsorption and allied physicochemical changes occurred with anion/cation exchange membranes (AEM/CEM) and these were confirmed through contact angle/Chronopotentiometry/AFM/EDX. Sluggish potential rise (Galvanostatic mode) in Chronopotentiometric analysis indicated diffusion limiting transport of organic acids influenced AEM resistance. XRD and EDX analysis indicated the presence of salt hydrates/ions (Ca 2 + /Fe 3 + ) over CEM justifying the resistance buildup due to adsorption of multivalent metal ion(s) and salts.
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