Abstract
Cell-based therapy using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is a novel treatment strategy for spinal cord injury (SCI). MSCs can be isolated from various tissues, and their characteristics vary based on the source. However, reports demonstrating the effect of transplanted rat cranial bone-derived MSCs (rcMSCs) on rat SCI models are lacking. In this study, we determined the effect of transplanting rcMSCs in rat SCI models. MSCs were established from collected bone marrow and cranial bones. SCI rats were established using the weight-drop method and transplanted intravenously with MSCs at 24 h post SCI. The recovery of motor function and hindlimb electrophysiology was evaluated 4 weeks post transplantation. Electrophysiological recovery was evaluated by recording the transcranial electrical stimulation motor-evoked potentials. Tissue repair after SCI was assessed by calculating the cavity ratio. The expression of genes involved in the inflammatory response and cell death in the spinal cord tissue was assessed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. The transplantation of rcMSCs improved motor function and electrophysiology recovery, and reduced cavity ratio. The expression of proinflammatory cytokines was suppressed in the spinal cord tissues of the rats that received rcMSCs. These results demonstrate the efficacy of rcMSCs as cell-based therapy for SCI.
Highlights
Cell-based therapy using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is a novel treatment strategy for spinal cord injury (SCI)
The results were positive for cell surface markers associated with MSCs, such as CD29, CD90, and CD44 (Supplementary Table S4 online); in contrast, they were negative for cell surface markers associated with hematopoietic cells, such as CD34 and CD45 (Supplementary Table S4 online). rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rbMSCs) and rat cranial bone-derived MSCs (rcMSCs) exhibited similar characteristics, with their cell surface markers resembling those described in previous reports[7,8,9]
We have previously reported that the expression of BDNF and NGF was significantly higher in rcMSCs than in rbMSCs7,43
Summary
Cell-based therapy using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is a novel treatment strategy for spinal cord injury (SCI). Reports demonstrating the effect of transplanted rat cranial bone-derived MSCs (rcMSCs) on rat SCI models are lacking. We determined the effect of transplanting rcMSCs in rat SCI models. Electrophysiological recovery was evaluated by recording the transcranial electrical stimulation motor-evoked potentials. The transplantation of rcMSCs improved motor function and electrophysiology recovery, and reduced cavity ratio. Reports demonstrating the effect of transplanted cranial bone-derived MSCs on rat SCI models are lacking. In the present study, we investigated the effects of transplanting rat cranial bone-derived MSCs (rcMSCs) on the neurophysiology of an SCI rat model. We determined the neurophysiological recovery using extended tcMEP recordings and the mechanism underlying rcMSCs function in an SCI model. We propose rcMSCs as a potential new source of cell therapy against SCIs
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