Transplantation of High Hydrogen-Producing Microbiota Leads to Generation of Large Amounts of Colonic Hydrogen in Recipient Rats Fed High Amylose Maize Starch.

Naomichi Nishimura,Yumi Sasaki,Erika Komori,Ryo Inoue,Hiroki Tanabe,Tatsuro Yamamoto

doi:10.3390/nu10020144

Naomichi Nishimura, Yumi Sasaki + Show 4 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10020144

Copy DOI

Journal: Nutrients	Publication Date: Jan 29, 2018
Citations: 17	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: Shizuoka University, Nayoro City University

Abstract

The hydrogen molecule (H2), which has low redox potential, is produced by colonic fermentation. We examined whether increased H2 concentration in the portal vein in rats fed high amylose maize starch (HAS) helped alleviate oxidative stress, and whether the transplantation of rat colonic microbiota with high H2 production can shift low H2-generating rats (LG) to high H2-generating rats (HG). Rats were fed a 20% HAS diet for 10 days and 13 days in experiments 1 and 2, respectively. After 10 days (experiment 1), rats underwent a hepatic ischemia–reperfusion (IR) operation. Rats were then categorized into quintiles of portal H2 concentration. Plasma alanine aminotransferase activity and hepatic oxidized glutathione concentration were significantly lower as portal H2 concentration increased. In experiment 2, microbiota derived from HG (the transplantation group) or saline (the control group) were orally inoculated into LG on days 3 and 4. On day 13, portal H2 concentration in the transplantation group was significantly higher compared with the control group, and positively correlated with genera Bifidobacterium, Allobaculum, and Parabacteroides, and negatively correlated with genera Bacteroides, Ruminococcus, and Escherichia. In conclusion, the transplantation of microbiota derived from HG leads to stable, high H2 production in LG, with the resultant high production of H2 contributing to the alleviation of oxidative stress.

Highlights

Many bacteria—estimated at around 1013 –1014 —reside in the large intestine, where they have important effects on human health
We previously found that colonic H2 suppressed hepatic oxidative stress and damage in IR
Liver damage due to a hepatic IR operation was improved in high amylose maize starch (HAS)-fed rats with a high portal H2 concentration (Table 1)

Summary

Introduction

Many bacteria—estimated at around 1013 –1014 —reside in the large intestine, where they have important effects on human health. Due to the low redox potential in the large intestine, many of the bacteria are anaerobes: oxygen is not used as the final electron and hydrogen acceptor. Fermentation products such as succinate, lactate, and short chain fatty acids (SCFA) act as the electron and hydrogen acceptors. A byproduct of the fermentation is hydrogen gas, some of which is excreted in the breath and flatus [1]. H2 is a stable, non-reactive product, which was classically thought to have no effect in the body. Osawa et al [2]

Methods

Results

Conclusion