Abstract
The present research work explores the effects of suction/injection and viscous dissipation on entropy generation in the boundary layer flow of a hybrid nanofluid (Cu–Al2O3–H2O) over a nonlinear radially stretching porous disk. The energy dissipation function is added in the energy equation in order to incorporate the effects of viscous dissipation. The Tiwari and Das model is used in this work. The flow, heat transfer, and entropy generation analysis have been performed using a modified form of the Maxwell Garnett (MG) and Brinkman nanofluid model for effective thermal conductivity and dynamic viscosity, respectively. Suitable transformations are utilized to obtain a set of self-similar ordinary differential equations. Numerical solutions are obtained using shooting and bvp4c Matlab solver. The comparison of solutions shows excellent agreement. To examine the effects of principal flow parameters like suction/injection, the Eckert number, and solid volume fraction, different graphs are plotted and discussed. It is concluded that entropy generation inside the boundary layer of a hybrid nanofluid is high compared to a convectional nanofluid.
Highlights
The performance of an engineering systems gets degraded due to the presence of irreversibilities such as friction, mixing of fluids, non-quasi-static compression or expansion, chemical reactions, heat flow because of a temperature gradient, and unrestrained expansion.These irreversibilities bring an increase in system entropy and entropy created by such effects during any thermal process; this is called entropy generation
Bejan [1] for the first time introduced the idea of entropy generation minimization (EGM)
The effects of thermal radiation and viscous dissipation on temperature distribution in a boundary layer flow passing over a nonlinear stretching surface were studied by Cortell [16]
Summary
The performance of an engineering systems gets degraded due to the presence of irreversibilities such as friction, mixing of fluids, non-quasi-static compression or expansion, chemical reactions, heat flow because of a temperature gradient, and unrestrained expansion (such as explosion) These irreversibilities bring an increase in system entropy and entropy created by such effects during any thermal process; this is called entropy generation. Discussed the entropy generation in the mixed convection flow of viscous fluid with temperature dependent thermal conductivity. The effects of thermal radiation and viscous dissipation on temperature distribution in a boundary layer flow passing over a nonlinear stretching surface were studied by Cortell [16]. Sreenivasulu et al [17] presented the effects of viscous dissipation, thermal radiation, and Joule heating on a MHD slip flow over a porous stretching surface. Plotted and discussed physically in orderentropy to explore the effects various embedding flow control physically in order to explore the effects of various embedding flow control parameters
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