Transparent ultrathin SiO2 nanowire aerogel displaying novel properties when interacting with water: A promising versatile functional platform

Abstract

With low density, high porosity, and outstanding physicochemical stability, ceramic nanowire aerogels and sponges exhibit various interesting properties. Herein, an ultrathin silica nanowire aerogel (SiO2 NWs-A) was achieved via a facile chemical vapor deposition route. In addition to good mechanical and thermal performances, properties resulting from active water-aerogel interactions are revealed, i.e., outstanding transparency, strong capillary effect, enhanced compressive strength (a reversible strain of ∼62%), switchable wettability and robust shape retention ability when filled with water. The physical mechanism related to these interesting properties is demonstrated basically according to its unique features (distinctly reduced nanowire diameter, enriched nanoscopic gap channels, and reinforced network). To demonstrate the superiority, an advantageous solar vapor generation system (hydrophilic NWs-A/reduced graphene oxide (rGO)/ hydrophobic NWs-A) was obtained by integrating these favorable characteristics, giving rise to remarkably promoted vapor evaporation rate and energy efficiency compared to the rGO hydrophobic NWs-A device. These results contribute to the structural design and functional exploration of nanowire aerogels.