Abstract
We demonstrated experimental acquisition and transmission of Heartland bandavirus by Haemaphysalis longicornis ticks. Virus was detected in tick salivary gland and midgut tissues. A total of 80% of mice exposed to 1 infected tick seroconverted, suggesting horizontal transmission. H. longicornis ticks can transmit the virus in the transovarial mode.
Highlights
We demonstrated experimental acquisition and transmission of Heartland bandavirus by Haemaphysalis longicornis ticks
This tick is the main vector of Dabie bandavirus [3], the agent that causes severe human illnesses characterized by high fever, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, and multiorgan dysfunction [4]
We demonstrated experimental acquisition and transmission of Heartland bandavirus (HRTV) by H. longicornis ticks after microinjection of the anal pore with HRTV
Summary
*dpi, days postinjection; FFA, focus-forming assay; HRTV, Heartland virus; qRT-PCR, quantitative reverse transcription PCR. We assayed diluted serum samples by using HRTV-infected Vero E6 cells as antigens. Four of the 5 mice fed upon by a single HRTV-injected tick were positive for HRTVspecific antibodies. None of the 5 mice fed upon by media-injected ticks were positive for HRTV-specific antibodies. All 15 egg pools from HRTV-injected ticks were positive for HRTV RNA (Table 2; Figure 2). Egg pools from the media-injected ticks had no HRTV RNA. We repeated this analysis for pools of larvae (4 pools of 50 larvae derived from each fed female) after hatching. All larvae clutches derived from HRTVinjected females were positive for HRTV RNA. We titered the infectious virus by using FFA, and all 5 clutches derived from HRTV-injected females were positive for infectious HRTV (Table 2)
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