Abstract

At transonic Mach numbers, single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) torsional flutter instabilities are possible for 2D typical section models, and similar natural mode instabilities can occur for swept 3D wings. In 2D attached flows, a pure plunge mode is always stable and some pitching motion is necessary for flutter. In the case of a 3D swept wing, the required pitching motion is provided through the structural washout mechanism, and natural mode instabilities are possible over a range of transonic Mach numbers, even in the absence of shock-induced separation. The Mach number freeze phenomenon or transonic stabilization is shown to play a fundamental role in determining the shape of the SDOF region, and the eventual quenching of these instabilities as the Mach number is increased. The practical implications of transonic SDOF torsional flutter and natural mode instabilities are explored through several examples.

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