Transmission line protection algorithm based on voltage sequence component under high penetration of inverter-based resources

Abstract

• Protection challenges under high penetration of inverter-based resources • A novel protection algorithm is proposed which uses voltage sequence components to identify faulty events occurrence in transmission line network. • The proposed protection algorithm reliability has been investigated under different network's impacts. • The proposed protection algorithm sensitivity is tested on a big transmission network under different contingency scenarios. A new protection algorithm based on sequence voltage components is proposed in this paper. The new algorithm helps overcome the sensitivity and maloperation issues of the traditional protection schemes in the transmission line network, especially with a high penetration level of inverter-based resources. In this algorithm, the differential fault sequence components are used to identify faulty events in the transmission network. The fault voltage component across the protected line is compared to a setting value of multiple parameters-based voltage makes the final decision of tripping for internal faults only. The proposed algorithm has been tested on a 400kV, 50 Hz single circuit transmission line network supplied with a mix of 90% wind turbines and 10% synchronous generators. The new algorithm simulation testing showed high accuracy when it comes to rapid trip activation with high discrimination reliability between internal and external events. High impedance with different fault locations has been tested to improve the proposed algorithm reliability. The study also performed on the IEEE 9-bus system to validate the proposed algorithm under various faults when strong and weak infeed performed into a bigger transmission network.