Transmission and prevalence of drug-resistant tuberculosis in a Brazilian setting under a directly observed therapy short-course strategy.

Fábio Oliveira Latrilha,Eliseu Alves Waldman,Juliana Maira Watanabe Pinhata,Angela Pires Brandão,Lucilaine Ferrazoli,Vera Maria Neder Galesi,Vera Simonsen

doi:10.1590/0037-8682-0404-2019

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: We aimed to estimate the prevalence and transmission of drug-resistant tuberculosis in a high-burden Brazilian setting under directly observed therapy short-course strategy. METHODS: Isolates of culture-confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis patients from Guarulhos, Brazil, diagnosed in October 2007-2011 were subjected to drug susceptibility and IS6110-restriction fragment length polymorphism testing. RESULTS: The overall resistance prevalence was 11.5% and the multi-drug resistance rate was 4.2%. Twenty-six (43.3%) of 60 drug-resistant isolates were clustered. Epidemiological relationships were identified in 11 (42.3%) patients; 30.8% of the cases were transmitted in households. CONCLUSIONS: Drug-resistant tuberculosis was relatively low and transmitted in households and the community.

Highlights

Introduction: We aimed to estimate the prevalence and transmission of drug-resistant tuberculosis in a high-burden Brazilian setting under directly observed therapy short-course strategy
Isolates of culture-confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis patients from Guarulhos, Brazil, diagnosed in October 2007–2011 were subjected to drug susceptibility and IS6110–restriction fragment length polymorphism testing
Since 2007, the IAL has performed Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) genotyping of all drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) isolates received from approximately 80 laboratories in Sao Paulo state

Summary

Introduction

We aimed to estimate the prevalence and transmission of drug-resistant tuberculosis in a high-burden Brazilian setting under directly observed therapy short-course strategy. The reference population consisted of all pulmonary TB (PTB) patients of both sexes aged ≥ 15 years residing, diagnosed, and treated in Guarulhos between October 2007 and October 2011. Since 2007, the IAL has performed RFLP genotyping of all drug-resistant MTBC isolates received from approximately 80 laboratories in Sao Paulo state.

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Conclusion