Abstract
In Indonesia, transmigration was a long-held development strategy for population redistribution and resettlement. This chapter briefly presents the history, outcome and legacies of transmigration, followed by a discussion on the evolution of land rights and land acquisition laws for “public interest” projects in the country. The use of land laws is then juxtaposed against development-induced displacement and resettlement experiences in Indonesia from 1990 and onward. I draw on the recent experience of the Jatigede Dam resettlement in greater detail to explain both policy and implementation issues and weaknesses in resettlement management in Indonesia. In view of the poor experience in the past, the chapter finally raises a question as to whether the new Acquisition of Land for Development in the Public Interest (Law No. 2, 2012) provides an alternative paradigm for resettlement and development in Indonesia.
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