Abstract
AbstractThe magma plumbing systems of volcanoes in subduction and divergent tectonic settings are relatively well known, whereas those of intraplate volcanoes remain elusive; robust geophysical information on the magma pathways and storage zones is lacking. We inverted magnetotelluric data to image the magma plumbing system of an intraplate monogenetic volcanic field located above the stagnant Pacific slab in northeast China. We identified a complex, vertically aligned, low-resistivity anomaly system extending from the asthenosphere to the surface consisting of reservoirs with finger- to lens-like geometries. We show that magma forms as CO2-rich melts in a 150-km-deep asthenospheric plume crossing the whole lithosphere as hydrated melt, inducing underplating at 50 km depth, evolving in crustal reservoirs, and erupting along dikes. Intraplate volcanoes are characterized by low degrees of melting and low magma supply rates. Their plumbing systems have a geometry not so different from that of volcanoes in subduction settings.
Highlights
Volcanoes on Earth are concentrated along subduction zones, mid-ocean ridges, and continental rifts
E represents a volume where carbonate melts (C melts) occur beneath intraplate volcanoes, a feature mainly observed in divergent geodynamic contexts (Key et al, 2013; Sifré et al, 2014)
Our study reveals the complete architecture of the magma plumbing system of an intraplate volcanic field above a stagnant slab
Summary
Volcanoes on Earth are concentrated along subduction zones, mid-ocean ridges, and continental rifts. Volcanism in intraplate settings is poorly understood and is interpreted as the result of mantle melting processes induced by the rising of hot plumes or by the release of fluids from stagnant slabs (Chen et al, 2017). The magma plumbing systems of intraplate monogenetic volcanoes above stagnant slabs are enigmatic and lack robust geophysical constraints. The full magma pathway from the asthenosphere to the surface as well as the size and geometry of the storage zones are poorly known (Smith and Németh, 2017). Northeast China has monogenetic volcanic fields such as the Jingpohu monogenetic volcanic field (JMVF) and a metasomatized mantle plume located above the ∼500-km-deep stagnant Pacific slab
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