Abstract
This research studies two translations of Henry Enfield Roscoe's chemistry book of 1872 into Japanese (1873) and Hebrew (1929). Roscoe's original chapter on candle burning is presented, in which he manifested his attitude to chemical experiments. The Japanese and Hebrew historical backgrounds of the translations, as well as their cultural and linguistic aspects are discussed. Roscoe's relations with Japanese scholars are presented. The study moves between events in three countries, England, Japan and Israel. The importance and complexity of translation of science and its later results are discussed.
Highlights
Original texts from Roscoe’s book: Henry Enfield Roscoe (1833-1915) was an English chemist who spent a few years in the laboratory of Robert Bunsen in Heidelberg before returning to England in 1857
The Japanese text follows the English description in the paragraph on candle burning and running an experiment
After the Hebrew people were exiled from their biblical Land of Israel the Hebrew language was not a daily spoken language
Summary
Transferring knowledge from one culture and language into another target language that does not yet have a suitable vocabulary for the subject studied is an intensive human endeavor; creating new, appropriate vocabulary in order to look at the behavior of nature is the topic of this research. Following are translations into Japanese and Hebrew of Roscoe’s Science Primers Chemistry for school. Original texts from Roscoe’s book: Henry Enfield Roscoe (1833-1915) was an English chemist who spent a few years in the laboratory of Robert Bunsen in Heidelberg before returning to England in 1857 The same year he moved to Manchester, organized and revived the chemistry department of Owens College, which was incorporated into Victoria University in 1880. Roscoe’s book Chemistry in the Science Primers Series was published in London by MacMillan addresses the following topics: Fire; Air; Water; Earth; Non-Metallic Elements; Metals; Results (Roscoe 1872). The Japanese text follows the English description in the paragraph on candle burning and running an experiment. The motives to translate Roscoe’s chemistry teaching book in both countries
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