Abstract
The translations of works of leading medical authors of the Habsburg Monarchy in the long eighteenth century contributed to the advancement of medical knowledge in Western Europe and played a key role in imperial politics at a time of great change in both science and government. They were either produced by English and French scholars in their native languages or commissioned by the Habsburg Monarchy to be rendered in vernaculars spoken in the empire. This chapter explains different modus operandi of the translators and the motivation behind these two sets of translations. It is argued that by making medical knowledge available to more users, translations made a significant contribution to standardizing medical knowledge and practices in the Habsburg Monarchy while encouraging learned international debates.
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