Abstract
The CGS1 gene of the model plant Arabidopsis encodes cystathionine-γ-synthase, which catalyzes the first committed step of methionine biosynthesis. CGS1 gene expression is feedback regulated in response to S-adenosyl-l-methionine (AdoMet) by a coupled process of translation arrest and CGS1 mRNA degradation. In vitro translation studies using wheat germ extract revealed that AdoMet induces transient translation elongation arrest at Ser-94, located immediately downstream of the MTO1 region, which is the cis-element for translation arrest. Upon translation arrest, peptidyl-tRNASer resides in the A-site and the ribosome is arrested at the pre-translocation step. The nascent peptide containing the MTO1 region adopts a compact conformation in the arrested ribosome, and the 28S rRNA of the ribosomal exit tunnel region may also undergo conformation changes. This pre-translocation step arrest feature makes the CGS1 system unique among the nascent peptide-mediated ribosome stalling systems.
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