TRANSLATION, CULTURAL ADAPTATION AND VALIDATION OF THE FOOT FUNCTION INDEX - REVISED (FFI-R).

Kelly Cristina Stéfani,Pedro Rizzi Oliveira,Miguel Viana Pereira Filho,Paloma Yan Lam Wun

doi:10.1590/1413-785220172505172107

Kelly Cristina Stéfani, Pedro Rizzi Oliveira + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-785220172505172107

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Abstract

ABSTRACTObjective:The aim of this study was to translate, culturally adapt, and validate the “Foot Function Index - Revised” (FFI-R) for use in Brazilian Portuguese. Methods:The scale was translated and administered (as recommended by Guillemin, 2000) to 52 patients in the postoperative period after foot and ankle surgery. Seven days after the initial assessment, the scale was readministered by a different interviewer. The data were entered into an Excel spreadsheet and analyzed using SPSS version 23.0 software for Mac. Reproducibility was assessed using intraclass correlation analysis. Results were considered statistically significant at a type I error rate of 5%. Results: The following random-effects intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were obtained for each score on the FFI-R: 0.625 for pain, 0.558 for stiffness, 0.757 for difficulty, 0.718 for activity restrictions, 0.854 for personal concerns, and 0.753 for the total score. Conclusion:The FFI-R was successfully translated to Portuguese and culturally adapted for use in Brazilian patients, demonstrating satisfactory validity and reliability. Level of Evidence I, Testing of Previously Developed Diagnostic Criteria on Consecutive Patients (with universally applied reference “golg” standard).

Highlights

The use of assessment scales in scientific studies is an essential requirement for the comparison of different treatments in patients with the same diagnosis.[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9] The majority of outcome assessment scales are developed in English and directed at patients who speak this particular language
After the unidimensionality of the Foot Function Index - Revised” (FFI-R) was confirmed by an analysis of its subscales, responses were coded into four categories for ease of use
The translation and cultural adaptation processes were carried out in five stages, as recommended by the literature:[10,11,17] a) stage 1: the FFI-R was first translated to Portuguese by two independent Brazilian translators, one of whom was an official translator, while the other was a technical translator with expertise in health care

Summary

Introduction

The use of assessment scales in scientific studies is an essential requirement for the comparison of different treatments in patients with the same diagnosis.[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9] The majority of outcome assessment scales are developed in English and directed at patients who speak this particular language As a result, they must be translated and culturally adapted in order to be used in any other country. The FFI was developed to measure the impact of the pain, disability and activity restriction associated with foot pathology on patient functioning It is a self-administered instrument composed of 23 items divided into three subscales.[1,13,14,15] The FFI has already been translated, culturally adapted and validated for use in Brazilian Portuguese.[16] The FFI-R was developed at a later date in response to criticism of the original scale.

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