Abstract
Background and objectiveThe Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) is a valid quality of life tool often employed to determine the impact of medical intervention and the outcome of health care services. However, the SF-36 is culturally sensitive which necessitates its adaptation and translation into different languages. This study was conducted to cross-culturally adapt the SF-36 into Yoruba language and determine its reliability and validity.MethodsBased on the International Quality of Life Assessment project guidelines, a sequence of translation, test of item-scale correlation, and validation was implemented for the translation of the Yoruba version of the SF-36. Following pilot testing, the English and the Yoruba versions of the SF-36 were administered to a random sample of 1087 apparently healthy individuals to test validity and 249 respondents completed the Yoruba SF-36 again after two weeks to test reliability. Data was analyzed using Pearson’s product moment correlation analysis, independent t-test, one-way analysis of variance, multi trait scaling analysis and Intra-Class Correlation (ICC) at p < 0.05.ResultsThe concurrent validity scores for scales and domains ranges between 0.749 and 0.902 with the highest and lowest scores in the General Health (0.902) and Bodily Pain (0.749) scale. Scale-level descriptive result showed that all scale and domain scores had negative skewness ranging from −2.08 to −0.98. The mean scores for each scales ranges between 83.2 and 88.8. The domain scores for Physical Health Component and Mental Health Component were 85.6 ± 13.7 and 85.9 ± 15.4 respectively. The convergent validity was satisfactory, ranging from 0.421 to 0.907. Discriminant validity was also satisfactory except for item ‘1’. The ICC for the test-retest reliability of the Yoruba SF-36 ranges between 0.636 and 0.843 for scales; and 0.783 and 0.851 for domains.ConclusionThe data quality, concurrent and discriminant validity, reliability and internal consistency of the Yoruba version of the SF-36 are adequate and it is recommended for measuring health-related quality of life among Yoruba population.
Highlights
Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) is distinguished from quality of life in that it is concerned primarily with those factors that fall under the purview of health care providers and health care system [1]
The highest and lowest scores were observed in the mental health (MH) (88.8) and RE (83.2)
The scale and domain scores yielded negative skewness ranging from −2.08− −0.98 on the Yoruba version of social functioning (SF)-36
Summary
Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) is distinguished from quality of life in that it is concerned primarily with those factors that fall under the purview of health care providers and health care system [1]. The 36 items health survey tool assesses eight health dimensions referred to as subscales, namely Physical Functioning (PF: 10 items), Role Limitations due to Physical Problems (RP: 4 items), Bodily Pain (BP: 2 items), General Health (GH: 5 items), Vitality (VT: 4 items), Social Functioning (SF: 2 items), Role Limitation due to Emotional Problems (RE: 3 items) and Mental Health (MH: 5 items) [9, 10]. These subscales’ scores are summarized into physical and mental composite domains [9, 10]. This study was conducted to cross-culturally adapt the SF-36 into Yoruba language and determine its reliability and validity
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