Abstract
Empathy in the patient-provider relationship is associated with important outcomes in healthcare practice. Our aim was to translate and validate Warmometer, a visual tool for assessing warmth in patient-provider relationships, for use in Brazilian Portuguese. Cross-sectional study conducted at an antenatal clinic of a public university hospital in São Paulo, Brazil. The instrument was translated into Brazilian Portuguese and culturally adapted. It was tested for reliability and validity among 32 pregnant women, between June 2015 and January 2016. To assess construct validity, it was correlated with the Consultation and Relational Empathy (CARE) scale (gold standard for patient-provider relationships) and the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI). The translated version of Warmometer had good face and content validity, low intra-observer reproducibility (intraclass correlation coefficient, ICC: 0.224; 95% confidence interval, CI -0.589 to 0.621;P = 0.242) and high inter-observer reproducibility (ICC: 0.952; 95% CI 0.902 to 0.977; P < 0.001). There was a strong correlation between Warmometer and CARE (r = 0.632) and a weak correlation between Warmometer and IRI (r = 0.105). Warmometer was translated, culturally adapted and validated for use in Brazilian Portuguese. The translated version is a reliable tool for assessing the degree of empathy perceived by the patient in a patient-provider relationship.
Highlights
Perceived warmth or empathy is defined as a social-emotional ability with affective and cognitive components
The translated version of Warmometer was well understood by all participants
Seventeen women considered that this second version was appropriate
Summary
Perceived warmth or empathy is defined as a social-emotional ability with affective and cognitive components. The IRI is a first-person tool that allows physicians to evaluate themselves, and it was translated into Brazilian Portuguese by Sampaio et al in 2011.13 The CARE instrument assesses the patient’s perception of empathy in the patient-provider relationship and was translated into Brazilian Portuguese in 2014.14. Our aim was to translate and validate Warmometer, a visual tool for assessing warmth in patient-provider relationships, for use in Brazilian Portuguese. METHODS: The instrument was translated into Brazilian Portuguese and culturally adapted It was tested for reliability and validity among 32 pregnant women, between June 2015 and January 2016. It was correlated with the Consultation and Relational Empathy (CARE) scale (gold standard for patient-provider relationships) and the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI). CONCLUSIONS: Warmometer was translated, culturally adapted and validated for use in Brazilian Portuguese. The translated version is a reliable tool for assessing the degree of empathy perceived by the patient in a patient-provider relationship
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