Abstract
BackgroundAlthough caries and malocclusion occur with a high prevalence in Chinese school-age children, there were no appropriate instrument to assess the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) for this population. The aim of our study was to develop a Chinese (Mandarin) version of the Child Oral Health Impact Profile-Short Form 19 (COHIP-SF 19) and provide a preliminary test of its psychometric properties.MethodsThe Chinese version of COHIP-SF 19 was developed through a standard translation and back translation procedure. The psychometric properties of the instrument were tested among 644 school-age children in Beijing, China, including the internal consistency, test-retest reliability, discriminant and convergent validity. A Mann-Whitney U test was used to determine the capability of the instrument to differentiate children with different caries and malocclusion outcomes. And partial Spearman correlations were used to determine the relationships between the OHRQoL scores and clinical-severity indicators and self-perceived health ratings, respectively.ResultsChinese school-age children had relatively high OHRQoL scores, in spite of the fact that oral impacts were quite common (56.3%). The internal consistency and retest reliability were good to excellent with a Chronbach’s alpha of 0.81 and an intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) of 0.77. Children who had active tooth decay or severe malocclusion had significantly lower COHIP-SF 19 scores (P ≤0.001). Girls had somewhat higher scores in the oral health and functional well-being subscales (P <0.05), while children from rural districts had lower scores than children from urban areas (P <0.05). We observed a low to moderate correlation between the overall COHIP-SF 19, subscale scores and clinical severity indicators as well as self-perceived health ratings, after adjustment for children’s age, gender, and school district (│rs│ =0.11 - 0.51, P <0.05).ConclusionWe confirmed satisfactory psychometric properties for the Chinese version of COHIP-SF 19 in a community sample of Chinese school-age children. The OHRQoL instrument should play a more important role in future clinical studies, epidemiological surveys and potential public health policy in China.
Highlights
Caries and malocclusion occur with a high prevalence in Chinese school-age children, there were no appropriate instrument to assess the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) for this population
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Our study aimed to develop an appropriate Chinese (Mandarin) version of Child Oral Health Impact Profile (COHIP)-SF 19 and to assess the reliability and convergent and discriminant validity of the Chinese version of COHIP-SF 19 in school-age children
Summary
Caries and malocclusion occur with a high prevalence in Chinese school-age children, there were no appropriate instrument to assess the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) for this population. OHRQoL evaluation can be supplementary to traditional medical/dental criteria for needs assessment and health care outcomes for a population or a specific clinical group [3]. OHRQoL instruments can be used in epidemiological studies to perform thorough needs assessments for both general and vulnerable populations. Such assessments can provide essential information regarding public health issues relevant to specific populations like school-age children [5]. Incorporating OHRQoL instruments into traditional clinical indicators can produce important benefits for individual patients, community-based dental practices, clinical research, and potential public health policy [1]
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