Abstract
We demonstrate the use of holographic optical tweezers for trapping and manipulating silicon nanomembranes. These macroscopic free-standing sheets of single-crystalline silicon are attractive for use in next-generation flexible electronics. We achieve three-dimensional control by attaching a functionalized silica bead to the silicon surface, enabling non-contact trapping and manipulation of planar structures with high aspect ratios (high lateral size to thickness). Using as few as one trap and trapping powers as low as several hundred milliwatts, silicon nanomembranes can be rotated and translated in a solution over large distances.
Highlights
Silicon nanomembranes are flexible, single-crystalline sheets with thicknesses ranging from less than ten up to several hundred nanometers [1,2]
The most promising methods for transferring and manipulating silicon nanomembranes to date include wet transfer, dry transfer, and stamp printing processes [7,8,9] As nanomembranes are made thinner and become more difficult to handle, mechanical means of manipulation are limited in their precision with regards to controllably placing individual membranes
The nanomembranes were dispersed in a deionized water solution with trace amounts of isopropyl alcohol. 3 mL of this suspension was pipetted into an open sample well with a glass coverslip bottom
Summary
Single-crystalline sheets with thicknesses ranging from less than ten up to several hundred nanometers [1,2] These materials are extremely attractive for use in fast-flexible-electronic, optoelectronic, and nanophotonic applications. This broad potential derives from the unique properties imparted by the membranes’ thinness relative to silicon wafers, including robustness, flexibility, and bondability. The structures can be strain engineered to enhance individual electronic and mechanical properties or to produce unique tubular and helical nanostructures [2,3,4,5,6] Successful integration of these structures into next-generation devices will require new paradigms for their assembly. The most promising methods for transferring and manipulating silicon nanomembranes to date include wet transfer (whereby nanomembranes are moved from the original substrate in a solution via adhesive attachment to a new host), dry transfer, and stamp printing processes [7,8,9] As nanomembranes are made thinner and become more difficult to handle, mechanical means of manipulation are limited in their precision with regards to controllably placing individual membranes
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