Abstract
Nanoliposomes are one of the leading potential nano drug delivery systems capable of targeting chemotherapeutics to tumor sites because of their passive nano-targeting capability through the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect for cancer patients. Recent advances in nano-delivery systems have inspired the development of a wide range of nanotargeted materials and strategies for applications in preclinical and clinical usage in the cancer field. Nanotargeted 188Re-liposome is a unique internal passive radiotheranostic agent for nuclear imaging and radiotherapeutic applications in various types of cancer. This article reviews and summarizes our multi-institute, multidiscipline, and multi-functional studied results and achievements in the research and development of nanotargeted 188Re-liposome from preclinical cells and animal models to translational clinical investigations, including radionuclide nanoliposome formulation, targeted nuclear imaging, biodistribution, pharmacokinetics, radiation dosimetry, radiation tumor killing effects in animal models, nanotargeted radionuclide and radio/chemo-combination therapeutic effects, and acute toxicity in various tumor animal models. The systemic preclinical and clinical studied results suggest 188Re-liposome is feasible and promising for in vivo passive nanotargeted radionuclide theranostics in future cancer care applications.
Highlights
Over the past few decades, theranostics has emerged as a field in which diagnosis and targeted therapy are combined to achieve a personalized treatment approach to the patient [1]
Due to the BMEDA being the first to be used in humans, the exploratory IND (eIND) is an approach to evaluate the imaging, pharmacokinetic and safety of 188Re-liposome
We demonstrated nanoliposome is a suitable passive delivery system for 188Re radionuclide in various cells and tumor animal models, which include prolonging the radioactivity of 188Re in tumor sites with longer biologic half-life through enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effects, suppressing tumor growth and increasing the survival rate in various tumor animal models
Summary
Over the past few decades, theranostics has emerged as a field in which diagnosis and targeted therapy are combined to achieve a personalized treatment approach to the patient [1]. Liposome is one of nanomedicine formulations originally designed to improve the distribution and target site accumulation of systemically administered therapeutic agents [4,12] They are spherical, self-closed formed lipid bilayers with phospholipids in which they are entrapped radionuclides [7]. Liposomes in the 100-nanometer size range have been the most investigated carrier for convection enhanced delivery (CED) drug delivery to the brain They have been utilized as a carrier for radiotherapeutic rhenium-186 radionuclides to very high levels of specific activity for treating glioblastoma [9]. The current review and summaries focus on the systemic overview and comparisons of our preclinical nanotargeted 188Re-liposome pharmacology, therapeutic effects, and safety studies in animal models, leading to translational clinical investigations’ achievements (Table 1) and promoting the advancement and utilization of nanotargeted 188Re-liposome in future cancer clinical research and practical applications.
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