Abstract
Nanozymes, a type of nanomaterial with enzyme-like properties, are a promising alternative to natural enzymes. In particular, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs, with the general formula MX2, where M represents a transition metal and X is a chalcogen element)-based nanozymes have demonstrated exceptional potential in the healthcare and diagnostic sectors. TMDCs have different enzymatic properties due to their unique nano-architecture, high surface area, and semiconducting properties with tunable band gaps. Furthermore, the compatibility of TMDCs with various chemical or physical modification strategies provide a simple and scalable way to engineer and control their enzymatic activity. Here, we discuss recent advances made with TMDC-based nanozymes for biosensing and therapeutic applications. We also discuss their synthesis strategies, various enzymatic properties, current challenges, and the outlook for future developments in this field.
Highlights
NZsThese methods are based on the use of a diverse set of synthetic precursors and ligands, yielding transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) with diverse features, Recently, significant progress has been made in the synthesis of TMDCs nano als using bottom-up and top-down processes [15]
NZs have presented themselves as a superior alternative to natural enzymes in various sectors, including industrial, environmental, healthcare, and diagnostics
This review highlights the current advancements made with TMDC NZs
Summary
TMDC structure comprises of three layers: a central core composed of transition metal atoms (mostly Mo or W) embedded between the top and bottom layers of chalcogen They exhibit strong in-plane covalent bonds and weak out-of-plane van der Waals forces This type of structural feature donates specific properties to TMDCs, for instance, the intercalation of metal atoms between the two chalcogen layers can modify and improve their optical properties. The addition of metal atoms induces structural changes that increase the distances between the two chalcogen layers that, in turn, enhance the superconductivity capability This feature could be achieved via (i) electrostatic or chemical doping or (ii) utilizing pressure [17,18]. This ultrathin structure confers various otherForinteresting the increase of the size can enhance the rate of electrons transfer, modulating the catalytic cluding enzymatic properties [15]. Ratevarious of electrons transfer. the Foractivities instance, NZs with negative charges favor t trons transfer when exposed to NZs substrates that show positive charges on their surf
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