Abstract
This talk based on results of ref. [1], where we constrain the energy at which the transition from Galactic to extragalactic cosmic rays occurs by computing the anisotropy at Earth of cosmic rays emitted by Galactic sources. Since the diffusion approximation starts to loose its validity for E / Z ≳ 10 (16−17) eV , we propagate individual cosmic rays using Galactic magnetic field models and taking into account both their regular and turbulent components. The turbulent field is generated on a nested grid which allows spatial resolution down to fractions of a parsec. If the primary composition is mostly light or intermediate around E ∼ 10 18 eV, the transition at the ankle is ruled out, except in the unlikely case of an extreme Galactic magnetic field with strength >10 μG. Therefore, the fast rising proton contribution suggested by KASCADE-Grande data between 10 17 eV and 10 18 eV should be of extragalactic origin. In case heavy nuclei dominate the flux at E > 10 18 eV, the transition energy can be close to the ankle, if Galactic cosmic rays are produced by sufficiently frequent transients as e.g. magnetars.
Highlights
The question at which energy the transition from Galactic to extragalactic cosmic rays (CRs) takes place is one of the major unresolved issues of cosmic ray physics
This talk based on results of ref. [1], where we constrain the energy at which the transition from Galactic to extragalactic cosmic rays occurs by computing the anisotropy at Earth of cosmic rays emitted by Galactic sources
The maximal length scale of the turbulence Lmax determines up to which energy CRs still scatter on the turbulent field inhomogeneities
Summary
The question at which energy the transition from Galactic to extragalactic cosmic rays (CRs) takes place is one of the major unresolved issues of cosmic ray physics. Primary composition is predominantly light (p) or intermediate (C, N, O) at these energies, the predicted anisotropy at Earth would be larger than the 99% C.L. upper limits from the Pierre Auger experiment if these nuclei were of Galactic origin.
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