Abstract
A guantitative investigation is carried out on the generation of a compression wave in highspeed train tunnels and on its transition to a shock wave. Discussions are based on results of experiments which were conducted in a scaled train tunnel simulator. The overpressure level of the compression wave is formulated using a modified Hara-Maeda formula, in which an effective blockage factor is taken into account. The length of the shock wave transition region is estimated from the pressure gradient of the compression wave at the tunnel entrance. The installation of a hood at the entrance is found to disperse the pressure rise, thereby the length of the shock wave transition region is increased. However, the length decreases significantly with an increase in the train speed. Conditions under which the entrance hood works effectively are formulated. Consequently, it is concluded that a critical train speed exists beyond which the entrance hood becomes no longer effective for retarding the transition.
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