Abstract
A method is presented for measuring the equivalent circuit components of rechargeable batteries. The temporal discharge–rest–charge–rest sequence of a rechargeable battery is described, using the principles of transient circuit analysis, to derive equations for the battery voltage as a function of time during voltage transients and at the boundaries at transitions between transient phases. The equations lead to a new measurement method for battery characterization. The equivalent circuit of the battery is described as an ideal voltage source in series with a resistor and the parallel combination of a resistor and a capacitor. The battery model uses different values of resistance and capacitance, in the parallel combination, during the different phases of the discharge–rest–charge–rest sequence. The method is used to measure the circuit parameters of a nickel–cadmium battery.
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