Abstract
The transient shear behavior of magnetic powder (MP) excited by a stepwise magnetic field in a rotational magnetic powder clutch (MPC) was experimentally studied. The experiment showed that the stable shear stress was approximately proportional to the applied magnetic flux density. The characteristic rising time of the shear stress was independent of the strength of the magnetic field and was affected by the shear rate. It took less than 0.1 s for the shear stress to rise to 63% (1 − e−1) of the stable value. The transient shear stress rising process consisted of two subprocesses: the chain forming process which was less than 100 ms, and the chain coarsening process lasting for dozens of seconds. Upon switching the field off, the shear stress fell rapidly to zero in 0.1 s. Control methods to improve the transient response time of the MPC were discussed and experimentally verified: applying a low voltage in advance; applying a high level voltage for the torque to rise to the target torque and then a desired voltage. These transient characteristics of MP were compared with those of electrorheological (ER) and magneto-rheological (MR) fluids and actuators. The study provides a better understanding of MP excited by a magnetic field and the implications for application.
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