Transient optical regime of two level atom in hollow submicron circular waveguide

Abstract

Time evolution of the optical forces due to the action of a light on matter in the form ion guiding in a hollow cylinder with a circular cross section of submicron dimensions is reported. This evolution is taken when the frequency of light is comparable to a dipole permitted transition frequency. In this specific region, the spontaneous emission rate \( \Upgamma \) is possible just by a very small number of modes. From the solutions of Bloch equations in the dynamic regime, we obtain that the transient regime, applicable from that instant when laser is switched on. This is significant for the gross motion, provided that the upper-state lifetime \( \Upgamma^{ - 1} \) is relatively long while the steady-state regime, officially such that \( t \gg \Upgamma^{ - 1} \), is suitable for evaluation of the optical forces and the dynamics for large \( \Upgamma \). Important variations of characteristics of the optical structure are emphasized. These properties are illustrated using typical parameters for \( Eu^{3 + } \) having small \( \Upgamma \).