Abstract
Transient loss of consciousness (TLoC) is characterized by a rapid, transient, and complete loss of consciousness of short duration with spontaneous, complete recovery. Syncope is a specific type of TLoC caused by transient, global, cerebral hypoperfusion. TLoC may be traumatic or non-traumatic. Causes of non-traumatic TLoC include syncope, epilepsy, psychogenic causes, and other, rarer causes. Syncope may be reflex (neurally mediated), due to orthostatic hypotension or to cardiovascular disease. This chapter describes the clinical approach to the patient with transient loss of consciousness.
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