Abstract
Flexural waves in a disk and square plate produced by off-center impact are analyzed. The effects on maximum transient stress σmax of boundary shape, edge constraint, thickness, side of square plate or diameter of disk, and eccentricity of center of impact are studied. While prior analytical work has been confined to disks for simplicity, ballistic experiments were performed using square plates for practical reasons. The two geometries agree better for central impact or edges that are simply supported or clamped. Analytical results show some intensification as center of impact approaches the edge, but this is insufficient to explain the measured rise in residual projectile kinetic energy after penetrating a ceramic tile. This reveals the inadequacy of the crack initiation mechanism as the primary model of defeating the projectile by ceramic tiles.
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