Transfusion Therapy in Sickle Cell Disease

Abstract

Background: Blood transfusion is an important therapy in the management of sickle cell disease (SCD); especially in developing countries. Transfusion aids the restoration of the oxygen carrying capacity in patients with SCD and also prevents vaso-occlusion by dilution of the Hbs in circulation. However, there is paucity of information on transfusion as a therapy in the management of SCD. Aim and objective: This study is aimed at reviewing the available publications on transfusion as a therapy for SCD management. Materials and methods: Relevant literatures were searched on databases including PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, Cochrane and standard texts on haematology and transfusion medicine. The keywords used in the search are sickle cell disease, transfusion, simple and chronic transfusion, complications of transfusion, choice of blood for transfusion and guidelines for blood transfusion. The literatures gathered were reviewed, summarized and presented in this review. Results: Blood transfusion is a cornerstone in the management of patients with SCD. The management of SCD patients requires a multidisciplinary approach with a great deal of commitment been required from all the experts. Although, many hazards are associated with blood transfusion, it is pertinent that proper care is taken in the handling and administration of blood and blood products. Conclusion: Transfusion therapy still remains a cornerstone in SCD management and it tends to mitigate the severity and complication associated with SCD disorders. Adequate knowledge and information is needed by experts on the importance of transfusion therapy and its modalities in SCD.