Transfusion Rate for 500 Consecutive Liver Transplantations

Abstract

Orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) has been associated with major blood loss and the need for blood product transfusions. During the last decade, improved surgical and anesthetic management has reduced intraoperative blood loss and blood product transfusions. A first report from our group published in 2005 described a mean intraoperative transfusion rate of 0.3 red blood cell (RBC) unit per patient for 61 consecutive OLTs. Of these patients, 80.3% did not receive any blood product. The interventions leading to those results were a combination of fluid restriction, phlebotomy, liberal use of vasopressor medications, and avoidance of preemptive transfusions of fresh frozen plasma. This is a follow-up observational study, covering 500 consecutive OLTs. Five hundred consecutive OLTs were studied. The transfusion rate of the first 61 OLTs was compared with the last 439 OLTs. Furthermore, multivariate logistic regression was used to determine the main predictors of intraoperative blood transfusion. A mean (SD) of 0.5 (1.3) RBC unit was transfused per patient for the 500 OLTs, and 79.6% of them did not receive any blood product. There was no intergroup difference except for the final hemoglobin (Hb) value, which was higher for the last 439 OLTs compared with the previously reported smaller study (94 [20] vs. 87 [20] g/L). Two variables, starting Hb value and phlebotomy, correlated with OLT without transfusion. In our center, a low intraoperative transfusion rate could be maintained throughout 500 consecutive OLTs. Bleeding did not correlate with the severity of recipient's disease. The starting Hb value showed the strongest correlation with OLT without RBC transfusion.