Abstract
Macrophages are multifunctional immune cells that may either drive or modulate disease pathogenesis, depending on the activated phenotype. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of CD206+ M2 macrophages against nephrotoxic serum nephritis in mice. We found that these immunosuppressive macrophages, derived from bone marrow and stimulated with IL-4/IL-13 [CD206+ M2 bone marrow-derived macrophages (M2BMMs)], protected against renal injury, decreased proteinuria, and diminished the infiltration of CD68+ macrophages, neutrophils, and T cells into glomerular tissue. Comparable therapeutic results were obtained with CD206+ M2 cells derived from induced pluripotent stem cells. Notably, CD206+ M2BMMs, which retained an M2 signature, could elicit a switch of M1 to M2 phenotype in co-cultured macrophages. Moreover, these cells were found to induce the production of regulatory T cells in the spleen and renal draining lymph node. Accordingly, mRNA expression of the T helper 1 cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α, interferon-β, interferon-γ, and IL-12 was significantly reduced in kidneys from mice treated with CD206+ M2BMMs. Taken together, the data suggest that CD206+ M2 may have therapeutic potential against antibody-mediated glomerular injury and presents its therapeutic value for the treatment ofcrescentic nephritis in humans.
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