Transforming the Homelessness Policy by Housing First Approach - The case study of Seoul -

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to explore the necessity of housing first approach, taking the Seoul homelessness policy as an example, and to derive constraints and policy agendas in applying the housing first approach. For this purpose, this study conducted a literature study, an analysis of raw data from the homeless survey, and advisory meetings. The decrease in the number of homeless people in Seoul has slowed in recent years, and avoiding facilities by homeless people was confirmed. In addition, not only economic problems, but complex service needs are intensifying. It is necessary to critically review whether the policy so far is still effective. Therefore, this study suggested the need to adopt the housing first approach as an alternative. However, the long-established institutional factors are hindering progress toward the housing first approach. In conclusion, first, if the housing first approach is to be adopted, the existing facility-centered support system should be converted into a housing-centered support system. Second, the supply of public rental housing should be increased. Third, support services should be improved in cooperation with the local welfare system. Finally, it is necessary to establish a new governance structure that promotes cooperation between the housing and welfare departments.