Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a malignant hematologic disorder and the most common cancer in children. Polymorphisms of TGFB1 gene have been associated to TGFB1 altered expression, disease susceptibility and prognosis. The present study evaluated polymorphisms of the TGFB1 promoter region and plasma levels of TGFB1 in 104 ALL patients and 115 controls. Furthermore, it was investigated its possible involvement in different clinical stages of ALL. Both polymorphisms were not associated with ALL susceptibility or risk of relapse and their different genotypes did not alter TGFB1 plasma levels. However, it was verified decreased of TGFB1 concentration in ALL compared to control group (p<0.0001). TGFB1 plasma levels were significantly lower in ALL patients at diagnosis comparing to treatment (p=0.004) and remission (p<0.0001) groups. Notably, patients in remission presented similar TGFB1 plasma levels to controls. This work demonstrated the effects of a deregulated immune function in childhood ALL concerning to TGFB1 regarding prognosis and suggests TGFB1 recovery induced by treatment.
Highlights
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a malignant hematologic disorder and the most common cancer in children up to 2 and under 5 years old, occurring less frequently in adults
Risk of relapse was determined by protocol prescribed by the Brazilian Cooperative Group for the Treatment of Childhood Leukemia (GBTLI) and the ALL classification included age and leukocyte count at diagnosis, immunophenotyping, involvement of central nervous system and treatment responsiveness [18]
This study demonstrates the involvement of TGFB1 plasma levels in the prognosis of ALL, and suggests recovery of TGFB1 induced by ALL treatment
Summary
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a malignant hematologic disorder and the most common cancer in children up to 2 and under 5 years old, occurring less frequently in adults. Immunological impairment persists in leukemia patients for the whole treatment period and after its completion [3] In this setting, the relation between immune system and tumor immunity has becoming a relevant issue due to the fact that cells and cytokines secretion are involved in modulation of tumor microenvironment [4, 5]
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