Abstract
Since their first description only some years ago Th17 cells have become of vital importance in immunological research. However, the role of TGF-β in Th17 cell development is still a matter of controversial discussion. Predicted to have a key function in Th17 cell differentiation in the mouse TGF-β was shown to inhibit IL-17 production of human CD4+ T cells. Moreover, recent data indicate TGF-β signaling in T cells to be dispensable for Th17 cell differentiation in the murine system. Hence, rather being a specie-specific factor TGF-β is likely to act as an indirect inducer of Th17 cell differentiation both in mice and men.
Highlights
Recent data indicate TGF-β signaling in T cells to be dispensable for Th17 cell differentiation in the murine system
Th17 cells are a subset of T helper cell consistent to the IL-17 concentration detectable in lymphocytes producing IL-17, TNF-α and IL-6, but not serum and tissue of the arthritis patients
In a number of inquiries using murine models of host defense Th17 cells have been described to be important in the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory diseases including arthritis (Lubberts et al, 2005; Latham et al, 2005), colitis (Zhang et al, 2006; Ogawa et al, 2004), encephalitis (Komiyama et al, Th17 cell differentiation: Proceeding specie-specific? In the murine system the synergistic action of TGF-β and IL-6 has been considered to be essential for Th17 cell development, so far (Veldhoen et al, 2006; Mangan et al, 2006; Bettelli et al, 2006)
Summary
Th17 cells are a subset of T helper cell consistent to the IL-17 concentration detectable in lymphocytes producing IL-17, TNF-α and IL-6, but not serum and tissue of the arthritis patients. Predicted to have a key function in Th17 cell differentiation in the mouse TGF-β was shown to inhibit IL-17 production of human CD4+ T cells. Rather being a specie-specific factor TGF-β is likely to act as an indirect inducer of Th17 cell differentiation both in mice and men.
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