Transformation Versus Preservation of Vernacular Architecture in Bali: A Lesson from Bali Aga Villages

Abstract

Bali is famous for its unique architecture, and it has given a specific identity to Bali. This architecture represents one of the valuable ancestral inheritances. The role of beliefs, culture, and tradition have strongly influenced the architecture and settlements in Bali. However, the influence of modernization has had a transformative effect on the vernacular architecture and the Bali Aga (indigenous community) villages are not exceptional in that regard. Many buildings, including houses, in these villages have lost their ‘uniqueness’ due to alterations of form and structure. This study uncovers important factors contributing to transformation and preservation of the Bali Aga vernacular architecture. The case studies and interview analyses were employed for this research. Primary data collection took place after interviews were conducted with the local community; as well as the site observations at seven Bali Aga villages (Pedawa, Tigawasa, Cempaga, Pinggan, Sukawana, Sidatapa and Banyuseri). A qualitative analysis of secondary data from a literature review was also undertaken. The results show that the transformation of the architecture was influenced by changes in socio- economic prosperity of the villagers, whilst the locals make every effort to sustain their values based on their beliefs.