TRANSFORMATION OF THE TRADITIONS OF NORTHERN NATIONAL ROMANTICISM IN THE CONDITIONS OF CHINA (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE QINGDAO GOVERNOR'S RESIDENCE)

Abstract

Chinese local architectural and artistic traditions proved to be so resistant to external influences that they in turn actively transformed the borrowed styles, giving them a local flavour. As an early example of the gradual transformation of foreign styles on local soil, the Dunhuang cave temple complex should be mentioned, where the traditions of decorating the interiors of Buddhist cave sanctuaries borrowed from India increasingly moved away from the original models, acquiring a local flavour during the heyday. We can talk about similar processes at the beginning of the 20th century in the case of the development of the German settlement of Qingdao, where, in fact, purely German traditions acquired a fundamentally different context in a different cultural and natural environment. The phenomenon of the transformation of northern national romanticism in the conditions of foreign settlements on the territory of China is studied. The Qingdao Governor’s Residence was analyzed as the main example. By comparing this object with European objects of northern national romanticism, the ways in which the borrowed styles were transformed under the influence of local Chinese traditions were determined. Changes took place at the level of landscape traditions, architectural objects, design elements, works of art. This phenomenon continued the process of transformation of foreign phenomena, which took place much earlier, for example, in the unique cave complex of Dunhuang.