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Abstract
In comparison with low carbon steels, there is increased interest in the use of aluminium-based alloys as materials for the manufacture of welded structures rolling stock of railway transport. During friction stir welding aluminium-based alloy, against the background of the analysis structural transformations, issues of development hardening processes are considered. Under conditions of existence, a temperature gradient at zone of weld formation, shown degree approximation alloy to the conditions of superplastic flow and influence from presence particles of the second phase on grain size of matrix is estimated. Evaluation of the separate influence grain size of matrix and state of solid solution at total hardness of the weld showed dependence of their contributions on temperature of hot plastic deformation. As the temperature of plastic deformation of alloy at area of the weld increases, contribution to the total hardness from grain size increase and on state of the solid solution decreases.
Highlights
The high activity of aluminium-based alloys to oxygen atoms significantly limits their use for the manufacture of structures using the electric arc welding technology
The technology of friction stir welding (FSW) is based on the achievement of the area of the connect edges high degree mixing of the metal material from the simultaneous action of hot plastic deformation and rate of diffusion [8,9,10]
Most chemical compounds of aluminium alloys are partially interacting with matrix [11,12,13], which involves their dissolution with increasing heating temperature of the alloy
Summary
The high activity of aluminium-based alloys to oxygen atoms significantly limits their use for the manufacture of structures using the electric arc welding technology. The technology of FSW is based on the achievement of the area of the connect edges high degree mixing of the metal material from the simultaneous action of hot plastic deformation and rate of diffusion [8,9,10]. If degree at mixing of the metal and density of the weld is determined by the plastic properties, the characteristics of strength and crack resistance would depend on the development of structural transformation after finish active phase connected of edges. With increasing heating temperature and duration work tool, the greatest possible degree plasticisation of the alloy for the implementation of FSW technology [14,15,16], dissolution of the chemical compound should increase mobility boundaries of the matrix grains with large angles of disorientation and increase size of grain [12, 14]. Small deviations from their optimal ratio significantly complicate the process of forming a quality welded joint [9, 14, 19]
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