Abstract
The early 1980s were marked by the first reports (subsequently confirmed and reproduced in other labs) on Ti plasmid DNA transformation of plant protoplasts (Davey et al. 1980; Krens et al. 1982). Soon after, however, research activities were directed toward the genetic transformation of plant cells, rather than protoplasts, using Agrobacterium tumefaciens as a natural DNA transfer system (review: Hooykaas 1989). The genetic transformation of dicotyledonous plants was achieved but the Agrobacterium system proved to be ineffective in transformation of most monocot species. Attempts to show Agrobacterium infection of maize cells met with only partial success (Graves and Goldman 1986; Grimsley et al. 1987).KeywordsSomatic EmbryoTransgenic Rice PlantPlant ProtoplastTobacco ProtoplastDirect Gene TransferThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
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