Abstract
New town development as a form of large-scale development is not a new phenomenon, particularly in developing countries. This development mainly takes place in peri-urban areas due to the high pressure caused by the growing population and the lack of facilities and infrastructure in city centres. As an effect, local communities who originally occupied the land often lose their rights over the property their livelihood might have relied on. Property rights can be grouped differently, classified according to different bundles: appropriation, ownership, and formality of rights. This paper investigates to what extent new town development in Indonesia has affected the property rights of local communities, in terms of the transformation of rights and security level. Moreover, it examines to what extent this transformation has been affected by urbanisation pressure. Ample attention is paid to the transformation of various bundles of rights concerning different usage of property, both residential and cultivated land. A total of 252 questionnaires were distributed to three different locations of new towns in Indonesia. A before-after analysis was employed to identify the transformation of the property rights and their security level, followed by multiple linear regression analysis to observe the influence of the urbanisation pressure to the security level. The research reveals that the transformation of property rights of local residents mainly concerns the appropriation rights. The analysis also indicates that there is a tendency that the security level decreases. Statistically, this appears to be affected by urbanisation pressure variables: type of land, land use, and occupation. With this study, we offer on the one hand a conceptual framework for assessing property rights, while on the other hand, we provide empirical evidence regarding the effects of new town development on property rights transformation and its security level.
Highlights
The growing population and the lack of space in cities have become continual challenges faced by urban planners
His section provides the results of multiple linear regression (MLR) that analyses the influence of urbanisation on the local people’s security level of property rights over land
We found that the characteristics of property rights in Indonesia seem to be well represented in our model
Summary
The growing population and the lack of space in cities have become continual challenges faced by urban planners. In Indonesia, new town development has been regarded as a solution to resolve urban problems, extending the availability of housing and infrastructure, and reducing disparity in peri-urban areas [9,10,11] This form of large-scale development is believed to be able to increase land values in peri-urban areas and improve the provision of infrastructure and urban facilities [12,13]. Many scholars discovered that new towns and other large-scale developments cause negative socioeconomic effects [14,15,16], negative effects on biodiversity [17,18], environmental effects [19,20,21], as well as the negative impact on urban health [22] This may seriously harm the life of the local communities living in the development area. This phenomenon can be widely found in developing countries [29,30,31], including
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