Transformación electroquímica de un andisol en relación con la dinámica del fósforo

Abstract

Most of the soils for agriculture differ in their chemical, physical and biological properties the participation of each one of these determines the natural fertility that has the soil for the establishment of crops. The importance of understanding the electrochemical properties of soils as fertility parameters is currently unknown, where the determination of variables such as cation exchange capacity (CEC) and Point Zero (PCC) will promote the proper management and calibration of fertility plans. One of the key parameters to identify soils variable load or permanent load is the determination of the PCC, identified as the pH value in which both positive and negative charges are equal; therefore if natural state soil has a pH above the PCC will have a predominance of negative or high CIC charges, contrary to that if this same submit a pH value below to PCC generating high anion exchange capacity (CIA) or strong presence of positive charges. This research sought to transform the positive charges of organo-mineral complex to negative by limin different techniques, applied to trays with known amounts of soil. According to the results obtained regarding phosphorus dynamics, it is concluded that the optimum pH value for its solubility is in a range of 6,3 to 6,6, and the PCC value for the soil evaluated shows a value of 4 indicating that variable loads prevail over permanent ones. Likewise, a CICE of 4,7 is defined and a soluble phosphorus that fluctuates significantly from the application of CaCO3 that differs from the available phosphorus because it reports its highest level with the application of 4,5 Mg ha-1 of CaCO3.