Abstract
1. 1. Encysted gastrulae of Artemia contain a transfer RNA nucleotidyl transferase activity which incorporates AMP from ATP into 3′ incomplete tRNA chains. 2. 2. The activity is maximally active with Mg 2+, uses tRNA as acceptor substrate more efficiently than poly (A) and the reaction product is sensitive to pancreatic ribonuclease. These characteristics are different from those described for the poly (A) polymerase, an enzyme also present in Artemia which incorporates AMP residues into RNA chains. 3. 3. The transferase activity increases (four fold) during early larval development reaching a maximum in larvae of 30 hr. The low levels of transferase activity in the encysted gastrulae is not paralleled by lack in the integrity of the amino acid acceptor end of the tRNA chains. This terminal end of tRNA molecules is not impaired along the first 50 hours of Artemia development.
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