Abstract
Transfer RNA (tRNA) is the most extensively modified RNA in cells. Queuosine (Q)-modification is a fundamental process for fidelity and efficiency of translation from RNA to proteins. In eukaryotes, tRNA-Q-modification relies on the intestinal microbial product queuine. Growing evidence indicates that tRNA modifications play important roles in human diseases, e.g., type 2 diabetes. Q depletion led to endoplasmic reticulum stress in mouse liver. Q-tRNA modifications are dynamic and highly variable depending on the developmental stages and species type and tumorigenesis. However, the health consequences of disturbed availability of queuine and altered Q-tRNA modification remain to be investigated. The effects and mechanisms of Q-tRNA in intestinal bowel diseases (IBD) are unknown.
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