Abstract
The article presents the results of studying the patterns of evaluative meanings transfer when translating and subtitling films of various genres from German to Russian. Material for the study serves the original version and the translation of a military drama, a melodrama, a comedy, and a detective. The authors used the descriptive, comparative method, the methods of contextual, definitional analysis, quantitative calculations. The object of study includes the fragments of film dialogues in the source (German) language and the language of translation (Russian). The specificity of subtitling depends on the need of strict regarding the spatial and temporal parameters of the film text. Evaluation is interpreted as a semantic-pragmatic category (the impact involving appropriate semantization which is consistent with elocution through selecting the semantically relevant language). It is determined that the verbal component in the studied film text is highly informative, providing low complementarity of verbal and non-verbal components; the positive and negative evaluations are realized at the same frequency which is associated with a variety of topics and genres of films; the most frequent translational transformations, used in transferring evaluative meanings when subtitling, are synonymous substitutions, modulation technique, literal translation and specification; the most relevant methods of text compression, in this case, are a generalization and simplification. The authors verified the hypothesis of relevance for transferring the evaluative meaning through subtitling such elements of the valuation structure and the parameters of its verbalization as a type of evaluativity, object, basis, nature, degree, level of language expressions of evaluation, which detect differences between the source text and the text of translation. There are also stated the parameters which characterize the transfer of evaluative meanings and are the most resistant/stable to transformation and the most sensitive to transformation.
Highlights
The scope of the study, the results of which are presented in this paper, relates to such actual trends of linguistic research as the film discourse, film translation, linguistic theory of evaluation
The constitutive signs of film discourse can determine the specificity of film translation, coupled with the fact that the text in the translation language (TL) which interprets the source text (ST); it is necessary to consider the interaction between verbal and nonverbal components when constructing the general meaning and the desired impact in the new sociocultural context, preserving the functions of the original one
2) the Object of evaluation: both in the ST (German) and TT (Russian), the object of evaluation is the participant of the situation, the Prince of Burgundy
Summary
The scope of the study, the results of which are presented in this paper, relates to such actual trends of linguistic research as the film discourse, film translation, linguistic theory of evaluation. The film discourse as a complex semiotic formation has recently attracted active research interest of the linguists who refer to such aspects of the phenomenon as a linguocultural specificity, interaction of different semiotic systems, explicitness of meanings, interaction between the addresser and the addressee, the author's style and text categories in the film text, the issues of interdiscursivity [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8]. While many questions are still waiting for their solution, for example, the nature of valuation and the specificity of its operation, interaction between the estimates and the context, the valuation framework and its basic elements, functional and pragmatic features of these estimates
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