Abstract
Be j so v e c, J.: Transmission of Coccidia and Helminths into Large-capacity Calf -houses. Acta vet. Brno, 53, 1984: 183 -192. A total of 2 787 calves aged 1 to 60 days and reared under various large-scale systems were examined for coccidia and helminths. In total, 1799 calves were investigated in various cow-houses, calving pens and rear ing houses; of these 38.8 % of calves excreted coccidia: 23.8 % Eimeria zuernii, 19.3 % E. bovis, 8.7 % E. ellipsoidalis, 6.7 % E. subspherica, 3.1 % E. alabamensis, 2.3 % E. bukidnonensis, 1.9 % E. auburnensis, 0.3 % E. cylindrica, 0.1 % E. wyomingensis. Helminth eggs were excreted by 3.5 % of calves: 1.3 % excreted Trichocephalus ovis, 0.9 % Capillaria spp., 0.4 % Haemonchus contortus, 0.3 % Trichostrongylus spp., 0.3 % Oesophagostomum spp., 0.2 % Strongyloides papillosus, 0.1 % Chabertia ovina. Some calves excreted coccidia oocysts from the first day of life. In the entry pavilions of the large-capacity calf-houses, 988 calves were examined after the transport of calves; as many as 61.1 % of calves excreted coccidia oocysts: 49.5 % excreted E. zuernii, 28.8 % E. bovis, 17.8 % E. alabamensis, 14.1 % E. subsphe rica, 10.5 % E. ellipsoidalis, 10.2 % E. bukidnonensis, 2.8 % E. auburnensis,1.6 % E. cylindrica, 0.9 % E. wyomingensis, 0.2 % Isospora spp. Helminth eggs were excreted by 5.3 % of calves: 2.3 % excreted Trichocephalus ovis, 1.3 % Capillaria spp., 0.8 % Strongyloides papillosus, 0.7 % Chabertia ovina, 0.4 % Cooperia spp., 0.2 % Haemonchus contortus. The present results indicate that if the strict technological discipline is not observed, oocysts accumulate in the environment causing clinical coccidiosis in the enfeebled calves. The arrival of older calves increases the amount of coccidia oocysts and helminth eggs present in the entry pavilions of the large capacity calf-houses. Age, coccidia, helminths, transfer, shedding.
Highlights
A total of 2,787 calves were examined in cow-houses, calving pens, rearing houses and entry pavilions of large-capacity calf-houses
In 1979, 60 calves were investigated in the entry pavilion after arrival: 3 calves excreted
Coccidia of the pathogenic species E. bovis were found in a calf of only 3 days of age, and a 20-day-old calfexcreted three pathogenic coccidia species
Summary
The present results indicate that if the strict technological discipline is not observed, oocysts accumulate in the environment causing clinical coccidiosis in the enfeebled calves. The arrival of older calves increases the amount of coccidia oocysts and helminth eggs present in the entry pavilions of the large capacity calf-houses. Expensive large-capacity barns were built for rearing cattle. A capacity of 1,200 to 1,500 calves is considered to be the minimum (Cvachovec 1975). The rearing of calves concentrated in large numbers is one of the most important problems of modern animal production. Polak (1982) drew attention to clinical symptoms of coccidiosis in calves in large-capacity calf-houses and proposed a modification of the system of rearing and of zoohygienic conditions. The present study is focused on very young calves which are usually not examined from the parasitological point of view
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