Abstract
The aim of the study was to identify differences in the transcriptomic profiles of primary muscle cell cultures derived from the semitendinosus muscle of bulls of beef breeds (Limousin (LIM) and Hereford (HER)) and a dairy breed (Holstein-Friesian (HF)) (n = 4 for each breed). Finding a common expression pattern for proliferating cells may point to such an early orientation of the cattle beef phenotype at the transcriptome level of unfused myogenic cells. To check this hypothesis, microarray analyses were performed. The analysis revealed 825 upregulated and 1300 downregulated transcripts similar in both beef breeds (LIM and HER) and significantly different when compared with the dairy breed (HF) used as a reference. Ontological analyses showed that the largest group of genes were involved in muscle organ development. Muscle cells of beef breeds showed higher expression of genes involved in myogenesis (including erbb-3, myf5, myog, des, igf-1, tgfb2) and those encoding proteins comprising the contractile apparatus (acta1, actc1, myh3, myh11, myl1, myl2, myl4, tpm1, tnnt2, tnnc1). The obtained results confirmed our hypothesis that the expression profile of several groups of genes is common in beef breeds at the level of proliferating satellite cells but differs from that observed in typical dairy breeds.
Highlights
It is known that different cattle breeds are characterized by a different structure and physiology of skeletal muscles
The microscopic observation of a continuous primary culture of muscle cells isolated from semitendinosus muscle collected from bulls of three cattle breeds, revealed on days 6, 10, and 14 of culture the differences in the rate and progress of cell division between the studied beef breeds (LIM and HER) and the dairy breed (HF)
Significant differences observed in their expression between beef breed bulls and dairy breed bulls (Table 1) may point to their significant involvement in the process of growth and development of muscles in beef breeds
Summary
It is known that different cattle breeds are characterized by a different structure and physiology of skeletal muscles. Beef breeds such as the late-maturing Limousin (LIM) and the early-maturing Hereford (HER) are expected to express differences in the amount of muscle and adipose tissue in the carcass relative to the typical dairy breed such as the Holstein-Friesian (HF). It still remains unknown as to which genes determine the interracial differences in the rate of growth and metabolism of the muscle tissue [1]
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