Abstract
BackgroundThe thermo-sensitive genic male sterility (TGMS) of Brassica napus facilitates reproductive researches and hybrid seed production. Considering the complexity and little information about the molecular mechanism involved in B. napus TGMS, comparative transcriptomic analyses were peroformed for the sterile (160S-MS) and fertile (160S-MF) flowers to identify potential crucial genes and pathways associated with TGMS.ResultsIn total, RNA-seq analysis showed that 2202 genes (561 up-regulated and 1641 down-regulated) were significantly differentially expressed in the fertile flowers of 160S-MF at 25 °C when compared the sterile flower of 160S-MS at 15 °C. Detailed analysis revealed that expression changes in genes encoding heat shock proteins, antioxidant, skeleton protein, GTPase and calmodulin might be involved in TGMS of B. napus. Moreover, gene expression of some key members in plant hormone signaling pathways, such as auxin, gibberellins, jasmonic acid, abscisic acid, brassinosteroid signalings, were significantly surppressed in the flowers of 160S, suggesting that these genes might be involved in the regulation in B. napus TGMS. Here, we also found that transcription factor MADS, NFY, HSF, MYB/C and WRKY might play a crucial role in male fertility under the high temperature condition.ConclusionHigh temperature can significant affect gene expression in the flowers. The findings in the current study improve our understanding of B. napus TGMS at the molecular level and also provide an effective foundation for male fertility researches in other important economic crops.
Highlights
The thermo-sensitive genic male sterility (TGMS) of Brassica napus facilitates reproductive researches and hybrid seed production
This study explored the relationship between the male sterility/fertility and gene expression patterns, to obtain more insights in TGMS and offered valuable genetic information for breed improvement and the application of B. napus
While the cause of this sensitivity remains largely unknown, we suggest a schematic model to illustrate the possible roles of some key players in the developing pollen that might be related to TGMS under heat stress (Fig. 5)
Summary
The thermo-sensitive genic male sterility (TGMS) of Brassica napus facilitates reproductive researches and hybrid seed production. MS types used in the hybrid breeding mainly include cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS), Tang et al BMC Genomics (2019) 20:644 materials and understanding the molecular mechanism are essential for rapeseed cultivation and other economic crops. Since the first report of photo/thermo-sensitive genic male sterility (P/TGMS) of rice 58S was reported [8], many P/TGMS lines in some plant species have been developed [9], which is characterized by the fertility that is genetically controlled and affected by the temperature, photoperiod and other environmental factors. Thermo-sensitive genic male sterility (TGMS) is a special sterile system, in which anther development can be depressed under the sterile conditions and non-functional anthers are produced. While under the fertilizing conditions, the depression is totally or partially removed and functional anthers can be produced
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