Transcriptomic analysis reveals biocontrol mechanisms of Trichoderma harzianum ACCC30371 under eight culture conditions

Abstract

A transcriptomic database was constructed to study the biocontrol mechanisms of Trichoderma harzianum ACCC30371 using high quality UniGenes following growth in eight culture media [(1/2PD, minimal medium MM (containing dextrose 10 g L−1), C starvation medium (derived from MM without dextrose), N starvation medium (derived from MM without ammonium sulphate), and four kinds of phytopathogenic fungi cell wall media]. A 4 Gbp transcriptome was generated and 96.7% of the database had a sequencing error rate less than 1%. A total of 25,013 UniGene sequences were obtained with a mean length of 1135 nt. There were 2571 sequences longer than 3000 nt. The National Center for Biotechnology Information Accession number of this transcriptome is SRR8382572. There were 16,360 Unigenes annotated to the Nr protein database, 9875 to the SwissProt database, 10,266 to the KEGG database, 7164 to the COG database, and 1508 to the GO database along with their protein functional annotations. There were 16,723 functional genes identified. We identified 402 bio-control genes, including 14 related to competition, 311 to mycoparasitism, 76 to antibiosis, and one related to eliciting a plant response. This shows that T. harzianum ACCC30371 has integrated biocontrol mechanisms, and of these mechanisms, mycoparasitism is the most prevalent. Antibiosis and induced systemic resistance also play important roles. These results provide a foundation for further research into the biocontrol mechanisms of Trichoderma, as well as the development and utilization of biological fungicides.