Abstract
Pecan (Carya illinoinensis), as a popular nut tree, has been widely planted in China in recent years. Grafting is an important technique for its cultivation. For a successful grafting, graft union development generally involves the formation of callus and vascular bundles at the graft union. To explore the molecular mechanism of graft union development, we applied high throughput RNA sequencing to investigate the transcriptomic profiles of graft union at four timepoints (0 days, 8 days, 15 days, and 30 days) during the pecan grafting process. After de novo assembly, 83,693 unigenes were obtained, and 40,069 of them were annotated. A total of 12,180 differentially expressed genes were identified between by grafting. Genes involved in hormone signaling, cell proliferation, xylem differentiation, cell elongation, secondary cell wall deposition, programmed cell death, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging showed significant differential expression during the graft union developmental process. In addition, we found that the content of auxin, cytokinin, and gibberellin were accumulated at the graft unions during the grafting process. These results will aid in our understanding of successful grafting in the future.
Highlights
Pecan (Carya illinoinensis), a member of the Juglandaceae family, is an economically important nut tree native to North America
Transcriptional changes were examined via whole genome microarray analysis, and the results revealed that graft union development triggered numerous gene expression changes related to wounding, cell wall modification, hormone signaling, and secondary metabolism [6]
To gain a comprehensive overview of transcriptome associated with graft union development in pecan, samples at different time points (0 days, 8 days, 15 days, and 30 days after grafting) with three biological replicates were subjected to illuminate sequencing
Summary
Pecan (Carya illinoinensis), a member of the Juglandaceae family, is an economically important nut tree native to North America. A cDNA-AFLP method was applied to investigate the gene expression in the graft process of hickory, and the research obtained 49 differentially expressed genes that were related to signal transduction, auxin transportation, metabolism, cell cycle, wound response, and cell wall synthesis [4]. Transcriptional changes were examined via whole genome microarray analysis, and the results revealed that graft union development triggered numerous gene expression changes related to wounding, cell wall modification, hormone signaling, and secondary metabolism [6]. It has been employed to analyze the expression of mRNA and miRNA in hickory graft process, through which candidate genes involved in the auxin and cytokinin signaling were identified [8]; otherwise, a total of 12 candidate grafting-responsive miRNA were detected [9]. RNA-seq technology to construct mRNA libraries from the graft unions that were collected at 0, 8, 15, and 30 days after grafting, and analyzed the transcriptomic changes across the graft process
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