Abstract
BackgroundMacrobrachium rosenbergii, is one of a major freshwater prawn species cultured in Southeast Asia. White tail disease (WTD), caused by Macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus (MrNV), is a serious problem in farm cultivation and is responsible for up to 100% mortality in the post larvae stage. Molecular data on how M. rosenbergii post-larvae launches an immune response to an infection with MrNV is not currently available. We therefore compared the whole transcriptomic sequence of M. rosenbergii post-larvae before and after MrNV infection.ResultsTranscriptome for M. rosenbergii post-larvae demonstrated high completeness (BUSCO Complete: 83.4%, fragmentation: 13%, missing:3.3%, duplication:16.2%; highest ExN50 value: 94%). The assembled transcriptome consists of 96,362 unigenes with N50 of 1308 bp. The assembled transcriptome was successfully annotated against the NCBI non-redundant arthropod database (33.75%), UniProt database (26.73%), Gene Ontology (GO) (18.98%), Evolutionary Genealogy of Genes: Non-supervised Orthologous Groups (EggNOG) (20.88%), and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome pathway (KEGG) (20.46%). GO annotations included immune system process, signaling, response to stimulus, and antioxidant activity. Differential abundance analysis using EdgeR showed 2413 significantly up-regulated genes and 3125 significantly down-regulated genes during the infection of MrNV.ConclusionsThis study reported a highly complete transcriptome from the post-larvae stage of giant river prawn, M. rosenbergii. Differential abundant transcripts during MrNV infection were identified and validated by qPCR, many of these differentially abundant transcripts as key players in antiviral immunity. These include known members of the innate immune response with the largest expression change occurring in the M. rosenbergii post-larvae after MrNV infection such as antiviral protein, C-type lectin, prophenol oxidase, caspase, ADP ribosylation factors, and dicer.
Highlights
Macrobrachium rosenbergii, is one of a major freshwater prawn species cultured in Southeast Asia
As there is no cure for White tail disease (WTD) infected prawns, preventive procedures have been implemented such as screening of brood stock and post larvae (PL), and good farm management [7, 12, 13]
Sequence read data and raw data pre-processing RNA sequencing for two groups with six biological replicates (n = 12) produced a total of 522,296,142 raw reads with an average of 43.5 ± 5.1 million read pairs per sample (Table 1)
Summary
Macrobrachium rosenbergii, is one of a major freshwater prawn species cultured in Southeast Asia. White tail disease (WTD), caused by Macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus (MrNV), is a serious problem in farm cultivation and is responsible for up to 100% mortality in the post larvae stage. One of the most serious viral threats to M. rosenbergii culture is Macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus (MrNV) that causes white tail disease (WTD). This disease was first discovered in Guadeloupe Island [3] and subsequently in Taiwan [4], China [5], India [6], Thailand [7], and Australia [8]. Understanding the prawn’s immune response to WTD may provide bio-rationale targets to help contain and restrict disease outbreak
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